Porcelain series - II

Modelled and designed by the artist, and produced in larger number of pieces ( mostly series of 100 or more - rarely less), partly or completely with the help of assistants … or completely outsourced. The artist often has very little influence, but is rather told what the market "wants". There is hardly any creative and artistic space left for the artist. There is thus a substantial difference between porcelain series (I and II), and they should be assessed very differently regarding both the artistic and the craft aspects.

Vinyl and porcelain production (design)

These are based on models produced by well-known (or even less well-known) artists, and are manufactured by third-party companies, often in bulk in low-wage countries. If limited at all, designer dolls are limited in terms of time or the number of items, and their artistic aspirations are often very questionable - even when marketed using the term "artist's doll".

Self-produced reproductions

Using ready-to-use moulds obtainable from trade outlets, self-professed 'artists' produce their 'own' dolls. There is no control of the number of reproductions of a single doll available on the market and produced by numerous doll makers whose standards can vary hugely. The term 'artist's dolls produced by the artist' is a common market term, and the addendum 'reproduction' is sometimes missing.

Doll Plagiarism

Reproductions of successful (or even less successful) designer dolls produced in unlimited quantity and dubious quality.